It was like a balence, on one end there is an bucket and on the other there is a rock. When you put a buket it the water the rock would help counter balence it so it was easery to take the water bucket up and get the water.
Umm I think you are all missing the most important point. The counter weight can weigh more than the man. You can lift relatively large volumes of water using a shaduf. The answer is levers and mechanical advantage. The longer the pole is from the fulcrum the more the mechanical advantage. So it's easy (but takes longer) to pull the pole down and once the water is attached you simply let go and swing the shaduf over the canal. Of course you are limited by the mass and strength of the pole. So if using wood you wood be limited to a fairly large bucket. You doing the same amount of work it just takes longer and is a lot easier.
Umm I think you are all missing the most important point. The counter weight can weigh more than the man. You can lift relatively large volumes of water using a shaduf. The answer is levers and mechanical advantage. The longer the pole is from the fulcrum the more the mechanical advantage. So it's easy (but takes longer) to pull the pole down and once the water is attached you simply let go and swing the shaduf over the canal. Of course you are limited by the mass and strength of the pole. So if using wood you wood be limited to a fairly large bucket. You doing the same amount of work it just takes longer and is a lot easier.
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